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2015 ; 8
(ä): 70
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The HAND Database: a gateway to understanding the role of HIV in HIV-associated
neurocognitive disorders
#MMPMID26510927
Griffin TZ
; Kang W
; Ma Y
; Zhang M
BMC Med Genomics
2015[Oct]; 8
(ä): 70
PMID26510927
show ga
BACKGROUND: Despite an augmented research effort and scale-up of highly active
antiretroviral therapy, a high prevalence of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive
disorders (HAND) persists in the HIV-infected population. Nearly 50 % of all
HIV-1-infected individuals suffer from a neurocognitive disorder due to neural
and synaptodendritic damage. Challenges in HAND research, including limited
availability of brain tissue from HIV patients, variation in HAND study
protocols, and virus genotyping inconsistency and errors, however, have resulted
in studies with insufficient power to delineate molecular mechanisms underlying
HAND pathogenesis. There exists, therefore, a great need for a reliable and
centralized resource specific to HAND research, particularly for epidemiological
study and surveillance in resource-limited countries where severe forms of HAND
persist. DESCRIPTION: To address the aforementioned imperative need, here we
present the HAND Database, a resource containing well-curated and up-to-date HAND
virus information and associated clinical and epidemiological data. This database
provides information on 5,783 non-redundant HIV-1 sequences from global HAND
research published to date, representing a total of 163 unique individuals that
have been assessed for HAND. A user-friendly interface allows for flexible
searching, filtering, browsing, and downloading of data. The most comprehensive
database of its kind, the HAND Database not only bolsters current HAND research
by increasing sampling power and reducing study biases caused by protocol
variation and genotyping inconsistency, it allows for comparison between HAND
studies across different dimensions. Development of the HAND Database has also
revealed significant knowledge gaps in HIV-driven neuropathology. These gaps
include inadequate sequencing of viral genes beyond env, lack of HAND viral data
from HIV epidemiologically important regions including Asian and Sub-Saharan
African countries, and biased sampling toward the male gender, all factors that
impede efforts toward providing an improved quality of life to HIV-infected
individuals, and toward elimination of viruses in the brain. CONCLUSION: Our aim
with the HAND database is to provide researchers in both the HIV and neuroscience
fields a comprehensive and rigorous data source toward better understanding virus
compartmentalization and to help in design of improved strategies against HAND
viruses. We also expect this resource, which will be updated on a regular basis,
to be useful as a reliable reference for further HAND epidemiology studies. The
HAND Database is freely available and accessible online at
http://www.handdatabase.org .