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10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.06.007 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.06.007 C4624019!4624019 !26113114     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26113114 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       J+Dermatol+Sci 2015 ; 79 (3 ): 229-34 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26113114 |t=2015. Sphingosine kinase 1 activation enhances epidermal innate immunity through sphingosine-1-phosphate stimulation of cathelicidin production |pdf=|usr=}}{{26113114 }} gab.com Text Sphingosine kinase 1 activation enhances epidermal innate immunity through sphingosine-1-phosphate stimulation of cathelicidin production JO: J Dermatol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26113114 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: The ceramide metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), regulates multiple cellular functions in keratinocytes (KC). We recently discovered that production of a key innate immune element, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP), is stimulated via a NF-?B-dependent mechanism that is activated by S1P when S1P is generated by sphingosine kinase (SPHK) 1. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether pharmacological modulation of SPHK1 activity, using a novel synthetic SPHK1 activator, (S)-methyl 2-(hexanamide)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate (MHP), stimulates CAMP expression. METHODS: MHP-mediated changes in both S1P and CAMP downstream mediators were analyzed in normal cultured human KC by qRT-PCR, Western immunoblot, ELISA, confocal microscopy for immunohistochemistry, HPLC and ESI-LC/MS/MS, and microbial pathogen invasion/colonization in a human epidermal organotypic model. RESULTS: Treatment with MHP directly activated SPHK1 and increased cellular S1P content in normal cultured human KC. Because MHP did not inhibit S1P lyase activity, which hydrolyses S1P, augumented S1P levels could be attributed to increased synthesis rather than blockade of S1P degradation. Next, we found that exogenous MHP significantly stimulated CAMP mRNA and protein production in KC, increases that were significantly suppressed by siRNA directed against SPHK1, but not by a scrambled control siRNA. NF-?B activation, assessed by nuclear translocation of NF-?B, occurred in cells following incubation with MHP. Conversely, pretreatment with a specific inhibitor of SPHK1 decreased MHP-induced nuclear translocation of NF-?B, and significantly attenuated the MHP-mediated increase in CAMP production. Finally, topical MHP significantly suppressed invasion of the virulent Staphylococcus aureus into murine skin explants. CONCLUSION: MHP activation of SPHK1, a target enzyme of CAMP production, can stimulate innate immunity. Twit Text FOAVip Sphingosine kinase 1 activation enhances epidermal innate immunity through sphingosine-1-phosphate stimulation of cathelicidin production ????J Dermatol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26113114 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26113114 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26113114 }}</ref> Sphingosine kinase 1 activation enhances epidermal innate immunity through sphingosine-1-phosphate stimulation of cathelicidin production #MMPMID26113114 Jeong SK ; Kim YI ; Shin KO ; Kim BW ; Lee SH ; Jeon JE ; Kim HJ ; Lee YM ; Mauro TM ; Elias PM ; Uchida Y ; Park K J Dermatol Sci 2015[Sep]; 79 (3 ): 229-34 PMID26113114 show ga BACKGROUND: The ceramide metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), regulates multiple cellular functions in keratinocytes (KC). We recently discovered that production of a key innate immune element, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP), is stimulated via a NF-?B-dependent mechanism that is activated by S1P when S1P is generated by sphingosine kinase (SPHK) 1. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether pharmacological modulation of SPHK1 activity, using a novel synthetic SPHK1 activator, (S)-methyl 2-(hexanamide)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate (MHP), stimulates CAMP expression. METHODS: MHP-mediated changes in both S1P and CAMP downstream mediators were analyzed in normal cultured human KC by qRT-PCR, Western immunoblot, ELISA, confocal microscopy for immunohistochemistry, HPLC and ESI-LC/MS/MS, and microbial pathogen invasion/colonization in a human epidermal organotypic model. RESULTS: Treatment with MHP directly activated SPHK1 and increased cellular S1P content in normal cultured human KC. Because MHP did not inhibit S1P lyase activity, which hydrolyses S1P, augumented S1P levels could be attributed to increased synthesis rather than blockade of S1P degradation. Next, we found that exogenous MHP significantly stimulated CAMP mRNA and protein production in KC, increases that were significantly suppressed by siRNA directed against SPHK1, but not by a scrambled control siRNA. NF-?B activation, assessed by nuclear translocation of NF-?B, occurred in cells following incubation with MHP. Conversely, pretreatment with a specific inhibitor of SPHK1 decreased MHP-induced nuclear translocation of NF-?B, and significantly attenuated the MHP-mediated increase in CAMP production. Finally, topical MHP significantly suppressed invasion of the virulent Staphylococcus aureus into murine skin explants. CONCLUSION: MHP activation of SPHK1, a target enzyme of CAMP production, can stimulate innate immunity. |*Immunity, Innate [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/*biosynthesis/genetics [MESH] |Bacterial Physiological Phenomena/drug effects [MESH] |Cathelicidins [MESH] |Cells, Cultured [MESH] |Enzyme Activators/pharmacology [MESH] |Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology [MESH] |Epidermis/enzymology/*immunology [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Keratinocytes/chemistry/*enzymology/immunology [MESH] |Lysophospholipids/*metabolism [MESH] |Mice [MESH] |NF-kappa B/metabolism [MESH] |Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/genetics/*metabolism [MESH] |RNA, Messenger/metabolism [MESH] |RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology [MESH] |Sphingosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism [MESH] |Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects/physiology [MESH]Sphingosine kinase 1 activation enhances epidermal innate immunity thr(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing