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2015 ; 112
(42
): 13093-8
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Neuropsin (OPN5)-mediated photoentrainment of local circadian oscillators in
mammalian retina and cornea
#MMPMID26392540
Buhr ED
; Yue WW
; Ren X
; Jiang Z
; Liao HW
; Mei X
; Vemaraju S
; Nguyen MT
; Reed RR
; Lang RA
; Yau KW
; Van Gelder RN
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Oct]; 112
(42
): 13093-8
PMID26392540
show ga
The molecular circadian clocks in the mammalian retina are locally synchronized
by environmental light cycles independent of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in
the brain. Unexpectedly, this entrainment does not require rods, cones, or
melanopsin (OPN4), possibly suggesting the involvement of another retinal
photopigment. Here, we show that the ex vivo mouse retinal rhythm is most
sensitive to short-wavelength light but that this photoentrainment requires
neither the short-wavelength-sensitive cone pigment [S-pigment or cone opsin
(OPN1SW)] nor encephalopsin (OPN3). However, retinas lacking neuropsin (OPN5)
fail to photoentrain, even though other visual functions appear largely normal.
Initial evidence suggests that OPN5 is expressed in select retinal ganglion
cells. Remarkably, the mouse corneal circadian rhythm is also photoentrainable ex
vivo, and this photoentrainment likewise requires OPN5. Our findings reveal a
light-sensing function for mammalian OPN5, until now an orphan opsin.