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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 PLoS+One
2015 ; 10
(10
): e0141127
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
A Simple Method for Discovering Druggable, Specific Glycosaminoglycan-Protein
Systems Elucidation of Key Principles from Heparin/Heparan Sulfate-Binding
Proteins
#MMPMID26488293
Sarkar A
; Desai UR
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(10
): e0141127
PMID26488293
show ga
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) affect human physiology and pathology by modulating
more than 500 proteins. GAG-protein interactions are generally assumed to be
ionic and nonspecific, but specific interactions do exist. Here, we present a
simple method to identify the GAG-binding site (GBS) on proteins that in turn
helps predict high specific GAG-protein systems. Contrary to contemporary
thinking, we found that the electrostatic potential at basic arginine and lysine
residues neither identifies the GBS consistently, nor its specificity. GBSs are
better identified by considering the potential at neutral hydrogen bond donors
such as asparagine or glutamine sidechains. Our studies also reveal that an
unusual constellation of ionic and non-ionic residues in the binding site leads
to specificity. Nature engineers the local environment of Asn45 of antithrombin,
Gln255 of 3-O-sulfotransferase 3, Gln163 and Asn167 of 3-O-sulfotransferase 1 and
Asn27 of basic fibroblast growth factor in the respective GBSs to induce
specificity. Such residues are distinct from other uncharged residues on the same
protein structure in possessing a significantly higher electrostatic potential,
resultant from the local topology. In contrast, uncharged residues on nonspecific
GBSs such as thrombin and serum albumin possess a diffuse spread of electrostatic
potential. Our findings also contradict the paradigm that GAG-binding sites are
simply a collection of contiguous Arg/Lys residues. Our work demonstrates the
basis for discovering specifically interacting and druggable GAG-protein systems
based on the structure of protein alone, without requiring access to any
structure-function relationship data.