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2015 ; 94
(28
): e1062
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Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
After Spontaneous Regression: A Case Report
#MMPMID26181539
Yang SZ
; Zhang W
; Yuan WS
; Dong JH
Medicine (Baltimore)
2015[Jul]; 94
(28
): e1062
PMID26181539
show ga
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant cancers and ranks as
the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. However, some
patients with untreated HCC can experience spontaneous regression, a rare
phenomenon that has been observed in various malignancies. Here, we report a
unique case with untreated HCC, who first underwent a spontaneous cancer
regression after the spontaneous clearing of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)
infection from the liver as evidenced by hepatitis B virus surface antigen
(HBsAg) seroconversion; then developed the recurrent HCC with
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after 14 years. We hypothesized that a
strengthened immune system in response to HBV infection may have led to
immune-mediated spontaneous cancer regression. The later recurrence of HCC may
suggest the host's immune system was no longer able to contain HCC since aging
and other chronic diseases may have significantly weakened the immune
surveillance.