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2015 ; 5
(ä): 15379
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Phosphatidic Acid (PA) can Displace PPAR?/LXR? Binding to The EGFR Promoter
Causing its Transrepression in Luminal Cancer Cells
#MMPMID26493292
Mahankali M
; Farkaly T
; Bedi S
; Hostetler HA
; Gomez-Cambronero J
Sci Rep
2015[Oct]; 5
(ä): 15379
PMID26493292
show ga
The expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly regulated
in normal cells, whereas some cancer cells have high constitutive levels.
Understanding naturally-occurring ways of downregulating EGFR in cancer cells was
investigated. Phosphatidic acid (PA) or Nuclear Receptors (NR) PPAR?/RXR?/LXR?,
enhance EGFR expression, mediated by the promoter region -856(A) to -226(T).
Unexpectedly, the combination of NRs and PA caused repression. PA induces a
conformational change in the nuclear receptor PPAR? (increase of alpha-helices at
the expense of decreasing beta-sheets), as evidenced by circular dichroism. This
represses the naturally-enhancing capability of PPAR? on EGFR transcription.
PPAR?-overexpressing cells in the presence of PA > 300 nM or the enzyme that
produces it, phospholipase D (PLD), downregulate EGFR expression. The reasons are
two-fold. First, PA displaces PPAR? binding to the EGFR promoter at those
concentrations. Second, NR heterodimer-dependent promoter activity is weakened in
the presence of PA in vivo. Since other genes considered (?-catenin, cyclin D3,
PLD2 and ACOX-1) are also downregulated with a PA +?PPAR? combination, the
transrepression appears to be a global phenomenon. Lastly, the reported effect is
greater in MCF-7 than in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, which could provide a
novel basis for regulating excessive expression of EGFR in luminal cancer cells.