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2015 ; 1
(1
): e000034
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Late-onset neutropenia after treatment with rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis
and other autoimmune diseases: data from the AutoImmunity and Rituximab registry
#MMPMID26509060
Salmon JH
; Cacoub P
; Combe B
; Sibilia J
; Pallot-Prades B
; Fain O
; Cantagrel A
; Dougados M
; Andres E
; Meyer O
; Carli P
; Pertuiset E
; Pane I
; Maurier F
; Ravaud P
; Mariette X
; Gottenberg JE
RMD Open
2015[]; 1
(1
): e000034
PMID26509060
show ga
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of late-onset neutropenia and its
complications in patients treated with rituximab (RTX) for rheumatoid arthritis
(RA) and other autoimmune diseases (AIDs) in a prospective registry. METHODS: The
AutoImmunity and Rituximab registry is an independent 7-year prospective registry
promoted by the French Society of Rheumatology. For each episode of neutropenia,
data were validated by the clinician in charge of the patient. RESULTS: Among
2624 patients treated with RTX for refractory AIDs, and at least 1 follow-up
visit (a total follow-up of 4179 patient-years in RA and 987 patient-years in
AIDs), late-onset neutropenia was observed in 40 patients (25 RA (1.3% of
patients with RA, 0.6/100 patient-years), and AIDs in 15 (2.3% of patients with
AIDs, 1.5/100 patient-years)). 6 patients (15%) had neutrophils <500/mm(3), 8
(20%) had neutrophils between 500 and 1000/mm(3), and 26 (65%) had neutrophils
between 1000 and 1500/mm(3). Neutropenia occurred after a median period of 4.5
(3-6.5) months after the last RTX infusion in patients with RA, and 5 (3-6.5)
months in patients with AIDs. 5 patients (12.5%), 4 of them with neutrophils
lower than 500/mm(3), developed a non-opportunistic serious infection and
required antibiotics and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injections, with a
favourable outcome. After resolution of their RTX-related neutropenia, 19
patients (47.5%) were re-treated, and neutropenia reoccurred in 3 of them.
CONCLUSIONS: Late-onset neutropenia might occur after RTX and may result in
serious infections. Thus, monitoring of white cell count should be performed
after RTX. However, in this large registry of patients with AIDs, the frequency
of RTX-induced neutropenia was much lower than that previously reported in
patients treated for blood malignancies or AIDs.