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2015 ; 6
(ä): 55
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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous knockout of the autism gene CHD8 and
characterization of its transcriptional networks in neurodevelopment
#MMPMID26491539
Wang P
; Lin M
; Pedrosa E
; Hrabovsky A
; Zhang Z
; Guo W
; Lachman HM
; Zheng D
Mol Autism
2015[]; 6
(ä): 55
PMID26491539
show ga
BACKGROUND: Disruptive mutation in the CHD8 gene is one of the top genetic risk
factors in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Previous analyses of genome-wide
CHD8 occupancy and reduced expression of CHD8 by shRNA knockdown in committed
neural cells showed that CHD8 regulates multiple cell processes critical for
neural functions, and its targets are enriched with ASD-associated genes.
METHODS: To further understand the molecular links between CHD8 functions and
ASD, we have applied the CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knockout one copy of CHD8 in
induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to better mimic the loss-of-function
status that would exist in the developing human embryo prior to neuronal
differentiation. We then carried out transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses of
neural progenitors and neurons derived from the CHD8 mutant iPSCs. RESULTS:
Transcriptome profiling revealed that CHD8 hemizygosity (CHD8 (+/-)) affected the
expression of several thousands of genes in neural progenitors and early
differentiating neurons. The differentially expressed genes were enriched for
functions of neural development, ?-catenin/Wnt signaling, extracellular matrix,
and skeletal system development. They also exhibited significant overlap with
genes previously associated with autism and schizophrenia, as well as the
downstream transcriptional targets of multiple genes implicated in autism.
Providing important insight into how CHD8 mutations might give rise to
macrocephaly, we found that seven of the twelve genes associated with human brain
volume or head size by genome-wide association studies (e.g., HGMA2) were
dysregulated in CHD8 (+/-) neural progenitors or neurons. CONCLUSIONS: We have
established a renewable source of CHD8 (+/-) iPSC lines that would be valuable
for investigating the molecular and cellular functions of CHD8. Transcriptomic
profiling showed that CHD8 regulates multiple genes implicated in ASD
pathogenesis and genes associated with brain volume.