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2015 ; 3
(5
): E380-92
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Biophotonic endoscopy: a review of clinical research techniques for optical
imaging and sensing of early gastrointestinal cancer
#MMPMID26528489
Coda S
; Siersema PD
; Stamp GW
; Thillainayagam AV
Endosc Int Open
2015[Oct]; 3
(5
): E380-92
PMID26528489
show ga
Detection, characterization, and staging constitute the fundamental elements in
the endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases, but histology still
remains the diagnostic gold standard. New developments in endoscopic techniques
may challenge histopathology in the near future. An ideal endoscopic technique
should combine a wide-field, "red flag" screening technique with an optical
contrast or microscopy method for characterization and staging, all
simultaneously available during the procedure. In theory, biophotonic advances
have the potential to unite these elements to allow in vivo "optical biopsy."
These techniques may ultimately offer the potential to increase the rates of
detection of high risk lesions and the ability to target biopsies and resections,
and so reduce the need for biopsy, costs, and uncertainty for patients. However,
their utility and sensitivity in clinical practice must be evaluated against
those of conventional histopathology. This review describes some of the most
recent applications of biophotonics in endoscopic optical imaging and metrology,
along with their fundamental principles and the clinical experience that has been
acquired in their deployment as tools for the endoscopist. Particular emphasis
has been placed on translational label-free optical techniques, such as
fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM),
two-photon and multi-photon microscopy, second harmonic generation (SHG) and
third harmonic generation (THG) imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT),
diffuse reflectance, Raman spectroscopy, and molecular imaging.