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2015 ; 36
(11
): 2963-2971
Nephropedia Template TP
Zhao L
; Arbel-Ornath M
; Wang X
; Betensky RA
; Greenberg SM
; Frosch MP
; Bacskai BJ
Neurobiol Aging
2015[Nov]; 36
(11
): 2963-2971
PMID26248866
show ga
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), the deposition of amyloid-? in cerebrovascular
walls, is the most common cause of lobar hemorrhagic stroke. Previous studies
show that cerebrovascular amyloid-? induces expression and activation of matrix
metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in cerebral vessels of amyloid precursor protein
transgenic mice. Here, we extended these findings and evaluated MMP-9 expression
in postmortem brain tissues of human CAA cases. MMP-9 colocalized with CAA,
correlated with the severity of the vascular pathology, and was detected in
proximity to microbleeds. We characterized a novel assay using longitudinal
multiphoton microscopy and a novel tracer to visualize and quantify the magnitude
and kinetics of hemorrhages in three dimensions in living mouse brains. We
demonstrated that topical application of recombinant MMP-9 resulted in a time-
and dose-dependent cerebral hemorrhage. Amyloid precursor protein mice with
significant CAA developed more extensive hemorrhages which also appeared sooner
after exposure to MMP-9. Our data suggest an important role for MMP-9 in
development of hemorrhages in the setting of CAA. Inhibition of MMP-9 may present
a preventive strategy for CAA-associated hemorrhage.