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10.1186/s12929-015-0189-0 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1186/s12929-015-0189-0 C4605095!4605095 !26462767     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26462767 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an increase in lung cancer-related markers in rats |pdf=|usr=}}{{26462767 }} gab.com Text Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an increase in lung cancer-related markers in rats JO: J Biomed Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26462767 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: We have previously demonstrated that cigarette smoke is associated with a significant reduction of retinoic acid in rat lungs and the formation of tracheal precancerous lesions. However, the underlying mechanism of cancer risk induced by vitamin A deficiency is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cigarette smoke-induced depletion of vitamin A is related to changes in lung cancer risk-related molecular markers. RESULTS: We investigated the roles of the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) as well as other biomarkers for potential cancer risk in the lungs of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Twenty-four male weanling rats were fed a purified diet and divided equally into four groups. Three experimental groups were exposed to increasing doses of cigarette smoke from 20, 40 or 60 commercial cigarettes/day for 5 days/week. After 6 weeks, the retinoic acid concentrations in the lung tissue as measured via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) significantly decreased (P?<?0.01) in cigarette smoke exposed groups. Western Blot analysis revealed that cigarette smoke exposure increased lung protein expression of RAR ? in a threshold manner and decreased RAR ? and RAR ? expression in a dose-dependent fashion. Protein expressions of cyclin E and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in cigarette smoke exposed-groups. Additionally, there was a significant increase in protein expression of cJun and cyclin D1 demonstrating a threshold effect similar to that exhibited by RAR?, suggesting a potential independent signaling pathway for RAR? in lung carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study suggest that cigarette smoke-induced lung retinoic acid depletion may involve two independent pathways, RAR?- and RAR?-mediated, responsible for the increased cancer risk associated with cigarette smoke-induced vitamin A deficiency. Twit Text FOAVip Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an increase in lung cancer-related markers in rats ????J Biomed Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26462767 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26462767 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26462767 }}</ref> Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an increase in lung cancer-related markers in rats #MMPMID26462767 Xue Y ; Harris E ; Wang W ; Baybutt RC J Biomed Sci 2015[Oct]; 22 (ä): 84 PMID26462767 show ga BACKGROUND: We have previously demonstrated that cigarette smoke is associated with a significant reduction of retinoic acid in rat lungs and the formation of tracheal precancerous lesions. However, the underlying mechanism of cancer risk induced by vitamin A deficiency is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cigarette smoke-induced depletion of vitamin A is related to changes in lung cancer risk-related molecular markers. RESULTS: We investigated the roles of the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) as well as other biomarkers for potential cancer risk in the lungs of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Twenty-four male weanling rats were fed a purified diet and divided equally into four groups. Three experimental groups were exposed to increasing doses of cigarette smoke from 20, 40 or 60 commercial cigarettes/day for 5 days/week. After 6 weeks, the retinoic acid concentrations in the lung tissue as measured via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) significantly decreased (P? |Animals [MESH] |Biomarkers, Tumor/*metabolism [MESH] |Lung Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Neoplasm Proteins/*metabolism [MESH] |Rats [MESH] |Rats, Sprague-Dawley [MESH] |Receptors, Retinoic Acid/*metabolism [MESH] |Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha [MESH] |Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma [MESH] |Smoking/adverse effects/*metabolism/pathology [MESH]Vitamin A depletion induced by cigarette smoke is associated with an i(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing