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2015 ; 7
(10
): 1267-84
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Semaphorin-3C signals through Neuropilin-1 and PlexinD1 receptors to inhibit
pathological angiogenesis
#MMPMID26194913
Yang WJ
; Hu J
; Uemura A
; Tetzlaff F
; Augustin HG
; Fischer A
EMBO Mol Med
2015[Oct]; 7
(10
): 1267-84
PMID26194913
show ga
Retinopathy of prematurity causes visual impairment due to destructive
neoangiogenesis after degeneration of the retinal microvasculature. This study
was aimed at analyzing whether local delivery of Semaphorin-3C (Sema3C)
suppresses pathological retinal angiogenesis. Sema3C exerted potent inhibiting
effects in cellular models of angiogenesis. In an endothelial cell
xenotransplantation assay, Sema3C acted primarily on immature microvessels by
inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. Intravitreal administration of recombinant
Sema3C disrupted endothelial tip cell formation and cell-cell contacts, which led
to decreased vascular bed expansion and vessel branching in the growing retinal
vasculature of newborn mice, while not affecting mature vessels in the adult
retina. Sema3C administration strongly inhibited the formation of pathological
pre-retinal vascular tufts during oxygen-induced retinopathy. Mechanistically,
Sema3C signaled through the receptors Neuropilin-1 and PlexinD1, which were
strongly expressed on vascular tufts, induced VE-cadherin internalization, and
abrogated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced activation of the
kinases AKT, FAK, and p38MAPK. This disrupted endothelial cell junctions, focal
adhesions, and cytoskeleton assembly resulted in decreased cell migration and
survival. Thus, this study identified Sema3C as a potent and selective inhibitor
of pathological retinal angiogenesis.