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2014 ; 93
(24
): 383-394
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An autoimmune myositis-overlap syndrome associated with autoantibodies to nuclear
pore complexes: description and long-term follow-up of the anti-Nup syndrome
#MMPMID25500708
Senécal JL
; Isabelle C
; Fritzler MJ
; Targoff IN
; Goldstein R
; Gagné M
; Raynauld JP
; Joyal F
; Troyanov Y
; Dabauvalle MC
Medicine (Baltimore)
2014[Nov]; 93
(24
): 383-394
PMID25500708
show ga
Autoimmune myositis encompasses various myositis-overlap syndromes, each being
identified by the presence of serum marker autoantibodies. We describe a novel
myositis-overlap syndrome in 4 patients characterized by the presence of a unique
immunologic marker, autoantibodies to nuclear pore complexes. The clinical
phenotype was characterized by prominent myositis in association with erosive,
anti-CCP, and rheumatoid factor-positive arthritis, trigeminal neuralgia, mild
interstitial lung disease, Raynaud phenomenon, and weight loss. The myositis was
typically chronic, relapsing, and refractory to corticosteroids alone, but
remitted with the addition of a second immunomodulating drug. There was no
clinical or laboratory evidence for liver disease. The prognosis was good with
100% long-term survival (mean follow-up 19.5 yr).By indirect immunofluorescence
on HEp-2 cells, sera from all 4 patients displayed a high titer of antinuclear
autoantibodies (ANA) with a distinct punctate peripheral (rim) fluorescent
pattern of the nuclear envelope characteristic of nuclear pore complexes.
Reactivity with nuclear pore complexes was confirmed by immunoelectron
microscopy. In a cohort of 100 French Canadian patients with autoimmune myositis,
the nuclear pore complex fluorescent ANA pattern was restricted to these 4
patients (4%). It was not observed in sera from 393 adult patients with systemic
sclerosis (n?=?112), mixed connective tissue disease (n?=?35), systemic lupus
(n?=?94), rheumatoid arthritis (n?=?45), or other rheumatic diseases (n?=?107),
nor was it observed in 62 normal adults.Autoantibodies to nuclear pore complexes
were predominantly of IgG isotype. No other IgG autoantibody markers for defined
connective tissue diseases or overlap syndromes were present, indicating a
selective and highly focused immune response. In 3 patients, anti-nuclear pore
complex autoantibody titers varied in parallel with myositis activity, suggesting
a pathogenic link to pathophysiology. The nuclear pore complex proteins, that is,
nucleoporins (nup), recognized by these sera were heterogeneous and included
Nup358/RanBP2 (n?=?2 patients), Nup90 (n?=?1), Nup62 (n?=?1), and gp210 (n?=?1).
Taken together the data suggest that nup autoantigens themselves drive the
anti-nup autoimmune response. Immunogenetically, the 4 patients shared the
DQA1*0501 allele associated with an increased risk for autoimmune myositis.In
conclusion, we report an apparent novel subset of autoimmune myositis in our
population of French Canadian patients with connective tissue diseases. This
syndrome is recognized by the presence of a unique immunologic marker,
autoantibodies to nuclear pore complexes that react with nups, consistent with an
"anti-nup syndrome."