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2015 ; 6
(5
): e01466-15
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Virome Analysis of Transfusion Recipients Reveals a Novel Human Virus That Shares
Genomic Features with Hepaciviruses and Pegiviruses
#MMPMID26396247
Kapoor A
; Kumar A
; Simmonds P
; Bhuva N
; Singh Chauhan L
; Lee B
; Sall AA
; Jin Z
; Morse SS
; Shaz B
; Burbelo PD
; Lipkin WI
mBio
2015[Sep]; 6
(5
): e01466-15
PMID26396247
show ga
To investigate the transmission of novel infectious agents by blood transfusion,
we studied changes in the virome composition of blood transfusion recipients pre-
and posttransfusion. Using this approach, we detected and genetically
characterized a novel human virus, human hepegivirus 1 (HHpgV-1), that shares
features with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human pegivirus (HPgV; formerly called
GB virus C or hepatitis G virus). HCV and HPgV belong to the genera Hepacivirus
and Pegivirus of the family Flaviviridae. HHpgV-1 was found in serum samples from
two blood transfusion recipients and two hemophilia patients who had received
plasma-derived clotting factor concentrates. In the former, the virus was
detected only in the posttransfusion samples, indicating blood-borne
transmission. Both hemophiliacs were persistently viremic over periods of at
least 201 and 1,981 days. The 5' untranslated region (UTR) of HHpgV-1 contained a
type IV internal ribosome entry site (IRES), structurally similar to although
highly divergent in sequence from that of HCV and other hepaciviruses. However,
phylogenetic analysis of nonstructural genes (NS3 and NS5B) showed that HHpgV-1
forms a branch within the pegivirus clade distinct from HPgV and homologs
infecting other mammalian species. In common with some pegivirus variants
infecting rodents and bats, the HHpgV-1 genome encodes a short, highly basic
protein upstream of E1, potentially possessing a core-like function in packaging
RNA during assembly. Identification of this new human virus, HHpgV-1, expands our
knowledge of the range of genome configurations of these viruses and may lead to
a reevaluation of the original criteria by which the genera Hepacivirus and
Pegivirus are defined. IMPORTANCE: More than 30 million blood components are
transfused annually in the United States alone. Surveillance for infectious
agents in the blood supply is key to ensuring the safety of this critical
resource for medicine and public health. Here, we report the identification of a
new and highly diverse HCV/GB virus (GBV)-like virus from human serum samples.
This new virus, human hepegivirus 1 (HHpgV-1), was found in serum samples from
blood transfusion recipients, indicating its potential for transmission via
transfusion products. We also found persistent long-term HHpgV-1 viremia in two
hemophilia patients. HHpgV-1 is unique because it shares genetic similarity with
both highly pathogenic HCV and the apparently nonpathogenic HPgV (GBV-C). Our
results add to the list of human viruses and provide data to develop reagents to
study virus transmission and disease association and for interrupting virus
transmission and new human infections.