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2015 ; 9
(ä): 49-72
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Self-Organisation, Thermotropic and Lyotropic Properties of Glycolipids Related
to their Biological Implications
#MMPMID26464591
Garidel P
; Kaconis Y
; Heinbockel L
; Wulf M
; Gerber S
; Munk A
; Vill V
; Brandenburg K
Open Biochem J
2015[]; 9
(ä): 49-72
PMID26464591
show ga
Glycolipids are amphiphilic molecules which bear an oligo- or polysaccharide as
hydrophilic head group and hydrocarbon chains in varying numbers and lengths as
hydrophobic part. They play an important role in life science as well as in
material science. Their biological and physiological functions are quite diverse,
ranging from mediators of cell-cell recognition processes, constituents of
membrane domains or as membrane-forming units. Glycolipids form an exceptional
class of liquid-crystal mesophases due to the fact that their self-organisation
obeys more complex rules as compared to classical monophilic liquid-crystals.
Like other amphiphiles, the supra-molecular structures formed by glycolipids are
driven by their chemical structure; however, the details of this process are
still hardly understood. Based on the synthesis of specific glycolipids with a
clearly defined chemical structure, e.g., type and length of the sugar head
group, acyl chain linkage, substitution pattern, hydrocarbon chain lengths and
saturation, combined with a profound physico-chemical characterisation of the
formed mesophases, the principles of the organisation in different aggregate
structures of the glycolipids can be obtained. The importance of the observed and
formed phases and their properties are discussed with respect to their biological
and physiological relevance. The presented data describe briefly the strategies
used for the synthesis of the used glycolipids. The main focus, however, lies on
the thermotropic as well as lyotropic characterisation of the self-organised
structures and formed phases based on physico-chemical and biophysical methods
linked to their potential biological implications and relevance.
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