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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Curr+Rev+Musculoskelet+Med
2015 ; 8
(1
): 18-31
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Developments in intervertebral disc disease research: pathophysiology,
mechanobiology, and therapeutics
#MMPMID25694233
Weber KT
; Jacobsen TD
; Maidhof R
; Virojanapa J
; Overby C
; Bloom O
; Quraishi S
; Levine M
; Chahine NO
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med
2015[Mar]; 8
(1
): 18-31
PMID25694233
show ga
Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide and the second most
common cause of physician visits. There are many causes of back pain, and among
them, disc herniation and intervertebral disc degeneration are the most common
diagnoses and targets for intervention. Currently, clinical treatment outcomes
are not strongly correlated with diagnoses, emphasizing the importance for
characterizing more completely the mechanisms of degeneration and their
relationships with symptoms. This review covers recent studies elucidating
cellular and molecular changes associated with disc mechanobiology, as it relates
to degeneration and regeneration. Specifically, we review findings on the
biochemical changes in disc diseases, including cytokines, chemokines, and
proteases; advancements in disc disease diagnostics using imaging modalities;
updates on studies examining the response of the intervertebral disc to injury;
and recent developments in repair strategies, including cell-based repair,
biomaterials, and tissue engineering. Findings on the effects of the omega-6
fatty acid, linoleic acid, on nucleus pulposus tissue engineering are presented.
Studies described in this review provide greater insights into the pathogenesis
of disc degeneration and may define new paradigms for early or differential
diagnostics of degeneration using new techniques such as systemic biomarkers. In
addition, research on the mechanobiology of disease enriches the development of
therapeutics for disc repair, with potential to diminish pain and disability
associated with disc degeneration.