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2015 ; 6
(ä): 815
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Soil inoculation with symbiotic microorganisms promotes plant growth and nutrient
transporter genes expression in durum wheat
#MMPMID26483827
Saia S
; Rappa V
; Ruisi P
; Abenavoli MR
; Sunseri F
; Giambalvo D
; Frenda AS
; Martinelli F
Front Plant Sci
2015[]; 6
(ä): 815
PMID26483827
show ga
In a field experiment conducted in a Mediterranean area of inner Sicily, durum
wheat was inoculated with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), with
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), or with both to evaluate their effects on
nutrient uptake, plant growth, and the expression of key transporter genes
involved in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake. These biotic associations
were studied under either low N availability (unfertilized plots) and supplying
the soil with an easily mineralizable organic fertilizer. Regardless of N
fertilization, at the tillering stage, inoculation with AMF alone or in
combination with PGPR increased the aboveground biomass yield compared to the
uninoculated control. Inoculation with PGPR enhanced the aboveground biomass
yield compared to the control, but only when N fertilizer was added. At the
heading stage, inoculation with all microorganisms increased the aboveground
biomass and N. Inoculation with PGPR and AMF+PGPR resulted in significantly
higher aboveground P compared to the control and inoculation with AMF only when
organic N was applied. The role of microbe inoculation in N uptake was elucidated
by the expression of nitrate transporter genes. NRT1.1, NRT2, and NAR2.2 were
significantly upregulated by inoculation with AMF and AMF+PGPR in the absence of
organic N. A significant down-regulation of the same genes was observed when
organic N was added. The ammonium (NH4 (+)) transporter genes AMT1.2 showed an
expression pattern similar to that of the NO3 (-) transporters. Finally, in the
absence of organic N, the transcript abundance of P transporters Pht1 and PT2-1
was increased by inoculation with AMF+PGPR, and inoculation with AMF upregulated
Pht2 compared to the uninoculated control. These results indicate the soil
inoculation with AMF and PGPR (alone or in combination) as a valuable option for
farmers to improve yield, nutrient uptake, and the sustainability of the
agro-ecosystem.