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2015 ; 10
(10
): e0139331
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Myosin-Powered Membrane Compartment Drives Cytoplasmic Streaming, Cell Expansion
and Plant Development
#MMPMID26426395
Peremyslov VV
; Cole RA
; Fowler JE
; Dolja VV
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(10
): e0139331
PMID26426395
show ga
Using genetic approaches, particle image velocimetry and an inert tracer of
cytoplasmic streaming, we have made a mechanistic connection between the motor
proteins (myosins XI), cargo transported by these motors (distinct endomembrane
compartment defined by membrane-anchored MyoB receptors) and the process of
cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells. It is shown that the MyoB compartment in
Nicotiana benthamiana is highly dynamic moving with the mean velocity of ~3
?m/sec. In contrast, Golgi, mitochondria, peroxisomes, carrier vesicles and a
cytosol flow tracer share distinct velocity profile with mean velocities of
0.6-1.5 ?m/sec. Dominant negative inhibition of the myosins XI or MyoB receptors
using overexpression of the N. benthamiana myosin cargo-binding domain or MyoB
myosin-binding domain, respectively, resulted in velocity reduction for not only
the MyoB compartment, but also each of the tested organelles, vesicles and
cytoplasmic streaming. Furthermore, the extents of this reduction were similar
for each of these compartments suggesting that MyoB compartment plays primary
role in cytosol dynamics. Using gene knockout analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana,
it is demonstrated that inactivation of MyoB1-4 results in reduced velocity of
mitochondria implying slower cytoplasmic streaming. It is also shown that myosins
XI and MyoB receptors genetically interact to contribute to cell expansion, plant
growth, morphogenesis and proper onset of flowering. These results support a
model according to which myosin-dependent, MyoB receptor-mediated transport of a
specialized membrane compartment that is conserved in all land plants drives
cytoplasmic streaming that carries organelles and vesicles and facilitates cell
growth and plant development.
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