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2015 ; 88
(4
): 776-84
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Th-17 cell activation in response to high salt following acute kidney injury is
associated with progressive fibrosis and attenuated by AT-1R antagonism
#MMPMID26200947
Mehrotra P
; Patel JB
; Ivancic CM
; Collett JA
; Basile DP
Kidney Int
2015[Oct]; 88
(4
): 776-84
PMID26200947
show ga
Exposure of rats to elevated dietary salt following recovery from acute kidney
injury (AKI) accelerates the transition to chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is
dependent on lymphocyte activity. Here we tested whether high salt diet triggers
lymphocyte activation in postischemic kidneys to worsen renal inflammation and
fibrosis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats on a 0.4% salt diet were subjected to left
unilateral ischemia-reperfusion and allowed to recover for 5 weeks. This resulted
in a mild elevation of CD4(+) T cells relative to sham animals. Contralateral
unilateral nephrectomy and elevated dietary salt (4%) for 4 extra weeks hastened
CKD and interstitial fibrosis. Activated T cells were increased in the kidney
threefold after 4 weeks of elevated dietary salt exposure relative to post-AKI
rats before salt feeding. The T cell subset was largely positive for IL-17,
indicative of Th-17 cells. Because angiotensin II activity may influence
lymphocyte activation, injured rats were given the AT1R antagonist, losartan,
along with high salt diet. This significantly reduced the number of renal Th-17
cells to levels of sham rats, and significantly reduced the salt-induced increase
in fibrosis to about half. In vitro studies in AKI-primed CD4(+) T cells
indicated that angiotensin II and extracellular sodium enhanced, and losartan
inhibited, IL-17 expression. Thus, dietary salt modulates immune cell activity in
postischemic recovering kidneys because of the activity of local RAS, suggesting
the participation of these cells in CKD progression post-AKI.