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10.3389/fgene.2015.00303 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fgene.2015.00303 C4586499!4586499 !26483835     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26483835 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Evolution of epithelial morphogenesis: phenotypic integration across multiple levels of biological organization |pdf=|usr=}}{{26483835 }} gab.com Text Evolution of epithelial morphogenesis: phenotypic integration across multiple levels of biological organization JO: Front Genet http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26483835 #FOAvip Morphogenesis involves the dynamic reorganization of cell and tissue shapes to create the three-dimensional body. Intriguingly, different species have evolved different morphogenetic processes to achieve the same general outcomes during embryonic development. How are meaningful comparisons between species made, and where do the differences lie? In this Perspective, we argue that examining the evolution of embryonic morphogenesis requires the simultaneous consideration of different levels of biological organization: (1) genes, (2) cells, (3) tissues, and (4) the entire egg, or other gestational context. To illustrate the importance of integrating these levels, we use the extraembryonic epithelia of insects-a lineage-specific innovation and evolutionary hotspot-as an exemplary case study. We discuss how recent functional data, primarily from RNAi experiments targeting the Hox3/Zen and U-shaped group transcription factors, provide insights into developmental processes at all four levels. Comparisons of these data from several species both challenge and inform our understanding of homology, in assessing how the process of epithelial morphogenesis has itself evolved. Twit Text FOAVip Evolution of epithelial morphogenesis: phenotypic integration across multiple levels of biological organization ????Front Genet http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26483835 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26483835 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26483835 }}</ref> Evolution of epithelial morphogenesis: phenotypic integration across multiple levels of biological organization #MMPMID26483835 Horn T ; Hilbrant M ; Panfilio KA Front Genet 2015[]; 6 (ä): 303 PMID26483835 show ga Morphogenesis involves the dynamic reorganization of cell and tissue shapes to create the three-dimensional body. Intriguingly, different species have evolved different morphogenetic processes to achieve the same general outcomes during embryonic development. How are meaningful comparisons between species made, and where do the differences lie? In this Perspective, we argue that examining the evolution of embryonic morphogenesis requires the simultaneous consideration of different levels of biological organization: (1) genes, (2) cells, (3) tissues, and (4) the entire egg, or other gestational context. To illustrate the importance of integrating these levels, we use the extraembryonic epithelia of insects-a lineage-specific innovation and evolutionary hotspot-as an exemplary case study. We discuss how recent functional data, primarily from RNAi experiments targeting the Hox3/Zen and U-shaped group transcription factors, provide insights into developmental processes at all four levels. Comparisons of these data from several species both challenge and inform our understanding of homology, in assessing how the process of epithelial morphogenesis has itself evolved. äEvolution of epithelial morphogenesis: phenotypic integration across m(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing