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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Front+Neurosci
2015 ; 9
(ä): 335
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Oxytocin and vasopressin: linking pituitary neuropeptides and their receptors to
social neurocircuits
#MMPMID26441508
Baribeau DA
; Anagnostou E
Front Neurosci
2015[]; 9
(ä): 335
PMID26441508
show ga
Oxytocin and vasopressin are pituitary neuropeptides that have been shown to
affect social processes in mammals. There is growing interest in these molecules
and their receptors as potential precipitants of, and/or treatments for, social
deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder.
Numerous behavioral-genetic studies suggest that there is an association between
these peptides and individual social abilities; however, an explanatory model
that links hormonal activity at the receptor level to complex human behavior
remains elusive. The following review summarizes the known associations between
the oxytocin and vasopressin neuropeptide systems and social neurocircuits in the
brain. Following a micro- to macro- level trajectory, current literature on the
synthesis and secretion of these peptides, and the structure, function and
distribution of their respective receptors is first surveyed. Next, current
models regarding the mechanism of action of these peptides on microcircuitry and
other neurotransmitter systems are discussed. Functional neuroimaging evidence on
the acute effects of exogenous administration of these peptides on brain activity
is then reviewed. Overall, a model in which the local neuromodulatory effects of
pituitary neuropeptides on brainstem and basal forebrain regions strengthen
signaling within social neurocircuits proves appealing. However, these findings
are derived from animal models; more research is needed to clarify the relevance
of these mechanisms to human behavior and treatment of social deficits in
neuropsychiatric disorders.