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10.3389/fimmu.2015.00465 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00465 C4585255!4585255 !26441970     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26441970 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Animal Models to Study Links between Cardiovascular Disease and Renal Failure and Their Relevance to Human Pathology |pdf=|usr=}}{{26441970 }} gab.com Text Animal Models to Study Links between Cardiovascular Disease and Renal Failure and Their Relevance to Human Pathology JO: Front Immunol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26441970 #FOAvip The close association between cardiovascular pathology and renal dysfunction is well documented and significant. Patients with conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease like diabetes and hypertension also suffer renal dysfunction. This is unsurprising if the kidney is simply regarded as a "modified blood vessel" and thus, traditional risk factors will affect both systems. Consistent with this, it is relatively easy to comprehend how patients with either sudden or gradual cardiac and or vascular compromise have changes in both renal hemodynamic and regulatory systems. However, patients with pure or primary renal dysfunction also have metabolic changes (e.g., oxidant stress, inflammation, nitric oxide, or endocrine changes) that affect the cardiovascular system. Thus, cardiovascular and renal systems are intimately, bidirectionally and inextricably linked. Whilst we understand several of these links, some of the mechanisms for these connections remain incompletely explained. Animal models of cardiovascular and renal disease allow us to explore such mechanisms, and more importantly, potential therapeutic strategies. In this article, we review various experimental models used, and examine critically how representative they are of the human condition. Twit Text FOAVip Animal Models to Study Links between Cardiovascular Disease and Renal Failure and Their Relevance to Human Pathology ????Front Immunol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26441970 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26441970 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26441970 }}</ref> Animal Models to Study Links between Cardiovascular Disease and Renal Failure and Their Relevance to Human Pathology #MMPMID26441970 Hewitson TD ; Holt SG ; Smith ER Front Immunol 2015[]; 6 (ä): 465 PMID26441970 show ga The close association between cardiovascular pathology and renal dysfunction is well documented and significant. Patients with conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease like diabetes and hypertension also suffer renal dysfunction. This is unsurprising if the kidney is simply regarded as a "modified blood vessel" and thus, traditional risk factors will affect both systems. Consistent with this, it is relatively easy to comprehend how patients with either sudden or gradual cardiac and or vascular compromise have changes in both renal hemodynamic and regulatory systems. However, patients with pure or primary renal dysfunction also have metabolic changes (e.g., oxidant stress, inflammation, nitric oxide, or endocrine changes) that affect the cardiovascular system. Thus, cardiovascular and renal systems are intimately, bidirectionally and inextricably linked. Whilst we understand several of these links, some of the mechanisms for these connections remain incompletely explained. Animal models of cardiovascular and renal disease allow us to explore such mechanisms, and more importantly, potential therapeutic strategies. In this article, we review various experimental models used, and examine critically how representative they are of the human condition. äAnimal Models to Study Links between Cardiovascular Disease and Renal (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing