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2015 ; 16
(ä): 308
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2D and 3D similarity landscape analysis identifies PARP as a novel off-target for
the drug Vatalanib
#MMPMID26403354
Gohlke BO
; Overkamp T
; Richter A
; Richter A
; Daniel PT
; Gillissen B
; Preissner R
BMC Bioinformatics
2015[Sep]; 16
(ä): 308
PMID26403354
show ga
BACKGROUND: Searching for two-dimensional (2D) structural similarities is a
useful tool to identify new active compounds in drug-discovery programs. However,
as 2D similarity measures neglect important structural and functional features,
similarity by 2D might be underestimated. In the present study, we used combined
2D and three-dimensional (3D) similarity comparisons to reveal possible new
functions and/or side-effects of known bioactive compounds. RESULTS: We utilised
more than 10,000 compounds from the SuperTarget database with known inhibition
values for twelve different anti-cancer targets. We performed all-against-all
comparisons resulting in 2D similarity landscapes. Among the regions with low 2D
similarity scores are inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
(VEGFR) and inhibitors of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). To demonstrate that
3D landscape comparison can identify similarities, which are untraceable in 2D
similarity comparisons, we analysed this region in more detail. This 3D analysis
showed the unexpected structural similarity between inhibitors of VEGFR and
inhibitors of PARP. Among the VEGFR inhibitors that show similarities to PARP
inhibitors was Vatalanib, an oral "multi-targeted" small molecule protein kinase
inhibitor being studied in phase-III clinical trials in cancer therapy. An in
silico docking simulation and an in vitro HT universal colorimetric PARP assay
confirmed that the VEGFR inhibitor Vatalanib exhibits off-target activity as a
PARP inhibitor, broadening its mode of action. CONCLUSION: In contrast to the
2D-similarity search, the 3D-similarity landscape comparison identifies new
functions and side effects of the known VEGFR inhibitor Vatalanib.