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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Ultrason
2014 ; 14
(57
): 192-202
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Standards of the Polish Ultrasound Society - update Ultrasound examination of
the aorta and arteries of the lower extremities
#MMPMID26673404
Ma?ek G
; Elwertowski M
; Nowicki A
J Ultrason
2014[Jun]; 14
(57
): 192-202
PMID26673404
show ga
A Doppler ultrasound examination has an advantage over other vessel imaging
methods as it can be carried out by the patient's bedside and allows to make a
diagnosis without exposing the patient to the inconveniency of transportation or
an X-ray scan. The purpose of testing the lower extremities and the aorta is to
objectively confirm a preliminary clinical diagnosis, localize lesions
responsible for the symptoms of the disease, determine their severity and nature
(e.g., if they are calcifications or soft lesions), and finally evaluate the
hemodynamic criteria. In assessment of the aorta attention is paid not only to
aortic diameter measurements, but also to the vascular lumen (dissections with
the formation of two flow channels, detachments, balloting of atherosclerotic
plaques, etc.) and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques with influx into them
(PAU - penetrating ulcer in the plaque or lesions surrounding the aorta, such as
retroperitoneal fibrosis or mycotic aneurysm). A correct diagnosis of an
abdominal aortic aneurysm requires repeated measurements of the abdominal aorta
diameter, and in particular its transverse dimension. When assessing the degree
of peripheral arterial stenosis on the basis of hemodynamic parameters, degree of
morphological stenosis must be taken into consideration. Collateral circulation
may reduce the flow through the main vessel, and thus, the achieved systolic
velocities are lower and may understate the degree of the assessed stenosis. Calf
vessels are difficult to detect, which results both from the thickness of the
muscle and the presence of calcifications. This article has been prepared on the
basis of Standards of the Polish Ultrasound Society (2011) and updated on the
basis of the latest reports from relevant literature.