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2015 ; 127-128
(ä): 1-22
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The role of immune cells, glia and neurons in white and gray matter pathology in
multiple sclerosis
#MMPMID25802011
Mallucci G
; Peruzzotti-Jametti L
; Bernstock JD
; Pluchino S
Prog Neurobiol
2015[Apr]; 127-128
(ä): 1-22
PMID25802011
show ga
Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common causes of chronic neurological
disability beginning in early to middle adult life. Multiple sclerosis is
idiopathic in nature, yet increasing correlative evidence supports a strong
association between one's genetic predisposition, the environment and the immune
system. Symptoms of multiple sclerosis have primarily been shown to result from a
disruption in the integrity of myelinated tracts within the white matter of the
central nervous system. However, recent research has also highlighted the
hitherto underappreciated involvement of gray matter in multiple sclerosis
disease pathophysiology, which may be especially relevant when considering the
accumulation of irreversible damage and progressive disability. This review aims
at providing a comprehensive overview of the interplay between inflammation,
glial/neuronal damage and regeneration throughout the course of multiple
sclerosis via the analysis of both white and gray matter lesional pathology.
Further, we describe the common pathological mechanisms underlying both relapsing
and progressive forms of multiple sclerosis, and analyze how current (as well as
future) treatments may interact and/or interfere with its pathology.
Understanding the putative mechanisms that drive disease pathogenesis will be key
in helping to develop effective therapeutic strategies to prevent, mitigate, and
treat the diverse morbidities associated with multiple sclerosis.