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2015 ; 10
(9
): e0138016
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Predation Risk Perception, Food Density and Conspecific Cues Shape Foraging
Decisions in a Tropical Lizard
#MMPMID26384236
Drakeley M
; Lapiedra O
; Kolbe JJ
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(9
): e0138016
PMID26384236
show ga
When foraging, animals can maximize their fitness if they are able to tailor
their foraging decisions to current environmental conditions. When making
foraging decisions, individuals need to assess the benefits of foraging while
accounting for the potential risks of being captured by a predator. However,
whether and how different factors interact to shape these decisions is not yet
well understood, especially in individual foragers. Here we present a
standardized set of manipulative field experiments in the form of foraging assays
in the tropical lizard Anolis cristatellus in Puerto Rico. We presented male
lizards with foraging opportunities to test how the presence of conspecifics,
predation-risk perception, the abundance of food, and interactions among these
factors determines the outcome of foraging decisions. In Experiment 1, anoles
foraged faster when food was scarce and other conspecifics were present near the
feeding tray, while they took longer to feed when food was abundant and when no
conspecifics were present. These results suggest that foraging decisions in
anoles are the result of a complex process in which individuals assess predation
risk by using information from conspecific individuals while taking into account
food abundance. In Experiment 2, a simulated increase in predation risk (i.e.,
distance to the feeding tray) confirmed the relevance of risk perception by
showing that the use of available perches is strongly correlated with the latency
to feed. We found Puerto Rican crested anoles integrate instantaneous ecological
information about food abundance, conspecific activity and predation risk, and
adjust their foraging behavior accordingly.