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2015 ; 10
(9
): e0138037
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Chronic Running Exercise Alleviates Early Progression of Nephropathy with
Upregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthases and Suppression of Glycation in Zucker
Diabetic Rats
#MMPMID26379244
Ito D
; Cao P
; Kakihana T
; Sato E
; Suda C
; Muroya Y
; Ogawa Y
; Hu G
; Ishii T
; Ito O
; Kohzuki M
; Kiyomoto H
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(9
): e0138037
PMID26379244
show ga
Exercise training is known to exert multiple beneficial effects including renal
protection in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. However, the mechanisms
regulating these actions remain unclear. The present study evaluated the effects
of chronic running exercise on the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, focusing
on nitric oxide synthase (NOS), oxidative stress and glycation in the kidneys of
Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Male ZDF rats (6 weeks old) underwent forced
treadmill exercise for 8 weeks (Ex-ZDF). Sedentary ZDF (Sed-ZDF) and Zucker lean
(Sed-ZL) rats served as controls. Exercise attenuated hyperglycemia (plasma
glucose; 242 ± 43 mg/dL in Sed-ZDF and 115 ± 5 mg/dL in Ex-ZDF) with increased
insulin secretion (plasma insulin; 2.3 ± 0.7 and 5.3 ± 0.9 ng/mL), reduced
albumin excretion (urine albumin; 492 ± 70 and 176 ± 11 mg/g creatinine) and
normalized creatinine clearance (9.7 ± 1.4 and 4.5 ± 0.8 mL/min per body weight)
in ZDF rats. Endothelial (e) and neuronal (n) NOS expression in kidneys of
Sed-ZDF rats were lower compared with Sed-ZL rats (p<0.01), while both eNOS and
nNOS expression were upregulated by exercise (p<0.01). Furthermore, exercise
decreased NADPH oxidase activity, p47phox expression (p<0.01) and ?-oxoaldehydes
(the precursors for advanced glycation end products) (p<0.01) in the kidneys of
ZDF rats. Additionally, morphometric evidence indicated renal damage was reduced
in response to exercise. These data suggest that upregulation of NOS expression,
suppression of NADPH oxidase and ?-oxoaldehydes in the kidneys may, at least in
part, contribute to the renal protective effects of exercise in the early
progression of diabetic nephropathy in ZDF rats. Moreover, this study supports
the theory that chronic aerobic exercise could be recommended as an effective
non-pharmacological therapy for renoprotection in the early stages of type 2
diabetes mellitus and obesity.