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2015 ; 10
(9
): e0138222
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Cyclosporine A Treatment Inhibits Abcc6-Dependent Cardiac Necrosis and
Calcification following Coxsackievirus B3 Infection in Mice
#MMPMID26375467
Marton J
; Albert D
; Wiltshire SA
; Park R
; Bergen A
; Qureshi S
; Malo D
; Burelle Y
; Vidal SM
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(9
): e0138222
PMID26375467
show ga
Coxsackievirus type B3 (CVB3) is a cardiotropic enterovirus. Infection causes
cardiomyocyte necrosis and myocardial inflammation. The damaged tissue that
results is replaced with fibrotic or calcified tissue, which can lead to
permanently altered cardiac function. The extent of pathogenesis among
individuals exposed to CVB3 is dictated by a combination of host genetics, viral
virulence, and the environment. Here, we aimed to identify genes that modulate
cardiopathology following CVB3 infection. 129S1 mice infected with CVB3 developed
increased cardiac pathology compared to 129X1 substrain mice despite no
difference in viral burden. Linkage analysis identified a major locus on
chromosome 7 (LOD: 8.307, P<0.0001) that controlled the severity of cardiac
calcification and necrosis following infection. Sub-phenotyping and genetic
complementation assays identified Abcc6 as the underlying gene. Microarray
expression profiling identified genotype-dependent regulation of genes associated
with mitochondria. Electron microscopy examination showed elevated deposition of
hydroxyapatite-like material in the mitochondrial matrices of infected Abcc6
knockout (Abcc6-/-) mice but not in wildtype littermates. Cyclosporine A (CsA)
inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening by inhibiting
cyclophilin D (CypD). Treatment of Abcc6 -/- mice with CsA reduced cardiac
necrosis and calcification by more than half. Furthermore, CsA had no effect on
the CVB3-induced phenotype of doubly deficient CypD-/-Abcc6-/- mice. Altogether,
our work demonstrates that mutations in Abcc6 render mice more susceptible to
cardiac calcification following CVB3 infection. Moreover, we implicate CypD in
the control of cardiac necrosis and calcification in Abcc6-deficient mice,
whereby CypD inhibition is required for cardioprotection.