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2015 ; 10
(9
): e0137839
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Modeling the Regulatory Mechanisms by Which NLRX1 Modulates Innate Immune
Responses to Helicobacter pylori Infection
#MMPMID26367386
Philipson CW
; Bassaganya-Riera J
; Viladomiu M
; Kronsteiner B
; Abedi V
; Hoops S
; Michalak P
; Kang L
; Girardin SE
; Hontecillas R
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(9
): e0137839
PMID26367386
show ga
Helicobacter pylori colonizes half of the world's population as the dominant
member of the gastric microbiota resulting in a lifelong chronic infection. Host
responses toward the bacterium can result in asymptomatic, pathogenic or even
favorable health outcomes; however, mechanisms underlying the dual role of H.
pylori as a commensal versus pathogenic organism are not well characterized.
Recent evidence suggests mononuclear phagocytes are largely involved in shaping
dominant immunity during infection mediating the balance between host tolerance
and succumbing to overt disease. We combined computational modeling,
bioinformatics and experimental validation in order to investigate interactions
between macrophages and intracellular H. pylori. Global transcriptomic analysis
on bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) in a gentamycin protection assay at six
time points unveiled the presence of three sequential host response waves: an
early transient regulatory gene module followed by sustained and late effector
responses. Kinetic behaviors of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are linked
to differential expression of spatiotemporal response waves and function to
induce effector immunity through extracellular and intracellular detection of H.
pylori. We report that bacterial interaction with the host intracellular
environment caused significant suppression of regulatory NLRC3 and NLRX1 in a
pattern inverse to early regulatory responses. To further delineate complex
immune responses and pathway crosstalk between effector and regulatory PRRs, we
built a computational model calibrated using time-series RNAseq data. Our
validated computational hypotheses are that: 1) NLRX1 expression regulates
bacterial burden in macrophages; and 2) early host response cytokines
down-regulate NLRX1 expression through a negative feedback circuit. This paper
applies modeling approaches to characterize the regulatory role of NLRX1 in
mechanisms of host tolerance employed by macrophages to respond to and/or to
co-exist with intracellular H. pylori.