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2015 ; 22
(3
): 431-41
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Phase I study of the anti-IGF1R antibody cixutumumab with everolimus and
octreotide in advanced well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors
#MMPMID25900182
Dasari A
; Phan A
; Gupta S
; Rashid A
; Yeung SC
; Hess K
; Chen H
; Tarco E
; Chen H
; Wei C
; Anh-Do K
; Halperin D
; Meric-Bernstam F
; Yao J
Endocr Relat Cancer
2015[Jun]; 22
(3
): 431-41
PMID25900182
show ga
Preclinical data suggest multiple roles for the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in
neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), including mediating resistance to mammalian target
of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Everolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor, and
octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) are approved for subgroups of
well-differentiated NET. The primary objective of the present study was to
establish the safety and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of cixutumumab, a
monoclonal antibody (MAB) against IGF1R, with everolimus and octreotide LAR.
Patients with well-differentiated NET were treated with 10? mg everolimus p.o.
daily, 20? mg octreotide LAR i.m. every 21 days, and escalating doses of
cixutumumab. An expansion cohort was enrolled at RP2D. Correlative studies
included the evaluation of mTOR pathway inhibition in paired tumor biopsies and
the effects of this combination on metabolism via indirect calorimetry. Nineteen
patients with progressive disease were enrolled, including nine to the expansion
portion. Two patients had dose-limiting toxicities of grade 3 mucositis at 15?
mg/kg cixutumumab. Long-term tolerance at RP2D was problematic, and the most
common ?grade 3 adverse event was fatigue. One patient with metastatic insulinoma
had a confirmed partial response, whereas 17 had stable disease. The median
progression-free survival was 43.6 weeks, and the median overall survival was
25.5 months. The RP2D of this combination per the predefined study protocol of
10? mg/kg cixutumumab i.v., 20? mg octreotide LAR i.m. every 21 days plus 10 ?mg
everolimus p.o. daily is associated with non-dose-limiting toxicities that limit
long-term tolerance. Although a signal of activity was noted in the present
study, this will need to be reconciled with limited tolerance of the combination
and data from larger studies of anti-IGF1R MABs in NET that have been
disappointing.