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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Ann+Indian+Acad+Neurol
2015 ; 18
(3
): 292-7
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Pure neuritic leprosy: Resolving diagnostic issues in acid fast bacilli
(AFB)-negative nerve biopsies: A single centre experience from South India
#MMPMID26425006
Hui M
; Uppin MS
; Challa S
; Meena AK
; Kaul S
Ann Indian Acad Neurol
2015[Jul]; 18
(3
): 292-7
PMID26425006
show ga
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Demonstration of lepra bacilli is essential for definite
or unequivocal diagnosis of pure neuritic leprosy (PNL) on nerve biopsy. However,
nerves always do not show bacilli owing to the changes of previous therapy or due
to low bacillary load in tuberculoid forms. In absence of granuloma or lepra
bacilli, other morphologic changes in endoneurium and perineurium can be of help
in making a probable diagnosis of PNL and treating the patient with multidrug
therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six biopsies of PNL were retrospectively
reviewed and histologic findings were compared with 25 biopsies of non leprosy
neuropathies (NLN) including vasculitic neuropathy and chronic inflammatory
demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). The distribution of endoneurial infiltrate
and fibrosis, perineurial thickening, and myelin abnormalities were compared
between PNL and NLN biopsies and analyzed by Chi-square test. RESULTS: Out of 46
PNL casses, 24 (52.17 %) biopsies were negative for acid fast bacilli (AFB). In
these cases, the features which favor a diagnosis of AFB-negative PNL were
endoneurial infiltrate (51.1%), endoneurial fibrosis (54.2%), perineurial
thickening (70.8%), and reduced number of myelinated nerve fibers (75%).
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Nerve biopsy is an efficient tool to diagnose PNL
and differentiate it from other causes of NLN. In absence of AFB, the diagnosis
of PNL is challenging. In this article, we have satisfactorily evaluated the
various hisopthological features and found that endoneurial inflammation, dense
fibrosis, and reduction in the number of myelinated nerve fibers are strong
supportive indicators of PNL regardless of AFB positivity.