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2015 ; 7
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Introduction to the Special Issue: Electrons, water and rice fields: plant
response and adaptation to flooding and submergence stress
#MMPMID26174144
Jackson MB
; Ismail AM
AoB Plants
2015[Jul]; 7
(ä): ä PMID26174144
show ga
Flooding and submergence impose widespread and unpredictable environmental
stresses on plants and depress the yield of most food crops. The problem is
increasing, as is the need for greater food production from an expanding human
population. The incompatibility of these opposing trends creates an urgent need
to improve crop resilience to flooding in its multifarious forms. This Special
Issue brings together research findings from diverse plant species to address the
challenge of enhancing adaptation to flooding in major crops and learning from
tactics of wetland plants. Here we provide an overview of the articles, with
attempts to summarize how recent research results are being used to produce
varieties of crop plants with greater flooding tolerance, notably in rice. The
progress is considerable and based firmly on molecular and physiological research
findings. The article also sets out how next-generation improvements in crop
tolerance are likely to be achieved and highlights some of the new research that
is guiding the development of improved varieties. The potential for non-model
species from the indigenous riparian flora to uncover and explain novel adaptive
mechanisms of flooding tolerance that may be introduced into crop species is also
explored. The article begins by considering how, despite the essential role of
water in sustaining plant life, floodwater can threaten its existence unless
appropriate adaptations are present. Central to resolving the contradiction is
the distinction between the essential role of cellular water as the source of
electrons and protons used to build and operate the plant after combining with
CO2 and O2 and the damaging role of extracellular water that, in excess,
interferes with the union of these gases with photosynthetic or respiratory
electrons and protons.