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2015 ; 5
(ä): 13723
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gab.com Text
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Links between fear of humans, stress and survival support a non-random
distribution of birds among urban and rural habitats
#MMPMID26348294
Rebolo-Ifrán N
; Carrete M
; Sanz-Aguilar A
; Rodríguez-Martínez S
; Cabezas S
; Marchant TA
; Bortolotti GR
; Tella JL
Sci Rep
2015[Sep]; 5
(ä): 13723
PMID26348294
show ga
Urban endocrine ecology aims to understand how organisms cope with new sources of
stress and maintain allostatic load to thrive in an increasingly urbanized world.
Recent research efforts have yielded controversial results based on short-term
measures of stress, without exploring its fitness effects. We measured feather
corticosterone (CORTf, reflecting the duration and amplitude of glucocorticoid
secretion over several weeks) and subsequent annual survival in urban and rural
burrowing owls. This species shows high individual consistency in fear of humans
(i.e., flight initiation distance, FID), allowing us to hypothesize that
individuals distribute among habitats according to their tolerance to human
disturbance. FIDs were shorter in urban than in rural birds, but CORTf levels did
not differ, nor were correlated to FIDs. Survival was twice as high in urban as
in rural birds and links with CORTf varied between habitats: while a quadratic
relationship supports stabilizing selection in urban birds, high predation rates
may have masked CORTf-survival relationship in rural ones. These results evidence
that urban life does not constitute an additional source of stress for urban
individuals, as shown by their near identical CORTf values compared with rural
conspecifics supporting the non-random distribution of individuals among habitats
according to their behavioural phenotypes.