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2014 ; 28
(ä): 691-703
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What s behind a sand fly bite? The profound effect of sand fly saliva on host
hemostasis, inflammation and immunity
#MMPMID25117872
Abdeladhim M
; Kamhawi S
; Valenzuela JG
Infect Genet Evol
2014[Dec]; 28
(ä): 691-703
PMID25117872
show ga
Sand flies are blood-feeding insects and vectors of the Leishmania parasite. For
many years, saliva of these insects has represented a gold mine for the discovery
of molecules with anti-hemostatic and immuno-modulatory activities. Furthermore,
proteins in sand fly saliva have been shown to be a potential vaccine against
leishmaniasis and also markers of vector exposure. A bottleneck to progress in
these areas of research has been the identification of molecules responsible for
the observed activities and properties of saliva. Over the past decade, rapid
advances in transcriptomics and proteomics resulted in the completion of a number
of sialomes (salivary gland transcriptomes) and the expression of several
recombinant salivary proteins from different species of sand fly vectors. This
review will provide readers with a comprehensive update of recent advances in the
characterization of these salivary molecules and their biological activities and
offer insights pertaining to their protective effect against leishmaniasis and
their potential as markers of vector exposure.