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2015 ; 7
(8
): 2289-309
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KLF/SP Transcription Factor Family Evolution: Expansion, Diversification, and
Innovation in Eukaryotes
#MMPMID26232396
Presnell JS
; Schnitzler CE
; Browne WE
Genome Biol Evol
2015[Jul]; 7
(8
): 2289-309
PMID26232396
show ga
The Krüppel-like factor and specificity protein (KLF/SP) genes play key roles in
critical biological processes including stem cell maintenance, cell
proliferation, embryonic development, tissue differentiation, and metabolism and
their dysregulation has been implicated in a number of human diseases and
cancers. Although many KLF/SP genes have been characterized in a handful of
bilaterian lineages, little is known about the KLF/SP gene family in
nonbilaterians and virtually nothing is known outside the metazoans. Here, we
analyze and discuss the origins and evolutionary history of the KLF/SP
transcription factor family and associated transactivation/repression domains. We
have identified and characterized the complete KLF/SP gene complement from the
genomes of 48 species spanning the Eukarya. We have also examined the
phylogenetic distribution of transactivation/repression domains associated with
this gene family. We report that the origin of the KLF/SP gene family predates
the divergence of the Metazoa. Furthermore, the expansion of the KLF/SP gene
family is paralleled by diversification of transactivation domains via both
acquisitions of pre-existing ancient domains as well as by the appearance of
novel domains exclusive to this gene family and is strongly associated with the
expansion of cell type complexity.