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2014 ; 6
(1
): 13-37
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Classical Biological Control of Invasive Legacy Crop Pests: New Technologies
Offer Opportunities to Revisit Old Pest Problems in Perennial Tree Crops
#MMPMID26463063
Hoddle MS
; Warner K
; Steggall J
; Jetter KM
Insects
2014[Dec]; 6
(1
): 13-37
PMID26463063
show ga
Advances in scientific disciplines that support classical biological control have
provided "new tools" that could have important applications for biocontrol
programs for some long-established invasive arthropod pests. We suggest that
these previously unavailable tools should be used in biological control programs
targeting "legacy pests", even if they have been targets of previously
unsuccessful biocontrol projects. Examples of "new tools" include molecular
analyses to verify species identities and likely geographic area of origin,
climate matching and ecological niche modeling, preservation of natural enemy
genetic diversity in quarantine, the use of theory from invasion biology to
maximize establishment likelihoods for natural enemies, and improved
understanding of the interactions between natural enemy and target pest
microbiomes. This review suggests that opportunities exist for revisiting old
pest problems and funding research programs using "new tools" for developing
biological control programs for "legacy pests" could provide permanent
suppression of some seemingly intractable pest problems. As a case study, we use
citricola scale, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum, an invasive legacy pest of California
citrus, to demonstrate the potential of new tools to support a new classical
biological control program targeting this insect.