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2015 ; 9
(8
): e0004024
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The Diversity and Geographical Structure of Orientia tsutsugamushi Strains from
Scrub Typhus Patients in Laos
#MMPMID26317624
Phetsouvanh R
; Sonthayanon P
; Pukrittayakamee S
; Paris DH
; Newton PN
; Feil EJ
; Day NP
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
2015[]; 9
(8
): e0004024
PMID26317624
show ga
Orientia tsutsugamushi is the causative agent of scrub typhus, a disease
transmitted by Leptotrombidium mites which is responsible for a severe and
under-reported public health burden throughout Southeast Asia. Here we use
multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to characterize 74 clinical isolates from three
geographic locations in the Lao PDR (Laos), and compare them with isolates
described from Udon Thani, northeast Thailand. The data confirm high levels of
diversity and recombination within the natural O. tsutsugamushi population, and a
rate of mixed infection of ~8%. We compared the relationships and geographical
structuring of the strains and populations using allele based approaches
(eBURST), phylogenetic approaches, and by calculating F-statistics (FST). These
analyses all point towards low levels of population differentiation between
isolates from Vientiane and Udon Thani, cities which straddle the Mekong River
which defines the Lao/Thai border, but with a very distinct population in
Salavan, southern Laos. These data highlight how land use, as well as the
movement of hosts and vectors, may impact on the epidemiology of zoonotic
infections.