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2015 ; 10
(8
): e0136947
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Roles of TLR/MyD88/MAPK/NF-?B Signaling Pathways in the Regulation of
Phagocytosis and Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression in Response to E faecalis
Infection
#MMPMID26317438
Zou J
; Shankar N
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(8
): e0136947
PMID26317438
show ga
Enterococcus faecalis is a commensal bacterium residing in the gastrointestinal
tract of mammals, but in certain situations it is also an opportunistic pathogen
which can cause serious disease. Macrophages have been shown to play a critical
role in controlling infections by commensal enterococci and also have an
important role in mediating chromosomal instability and promoting colon cancer
during high-level enterococcal colonization in genetically susceptible mice.
However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of macrophages with
enterococci during infection are not fully understood. In this study, using BMDM
and RAW264.7 macrophages we show that enterococcal infection activates ERK, JNK
and p38 MAPK as well as NF-?B, and drives polarization of macrophages towards the
M1 phenotype. Inhibition of NF-?B activation significantly reduced the expression
of TNF-? and IL-1?, as did the inhibition of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK, although to
differing extent. Enterococci-induced activation of these pathways and subsequent
cytokine expression was contact dependent, modest compared to activation by E.
coli and, required the adaptor protein MyD88. Phagocytosis of enterococci by
macrophages was enhanced by preopsonization with E. faecalis antiserum and
involved the ERK and JNK signaling pathways, with the adaptor protein MyD88 as an
important mediator. This study of the interaction of macrophages with enterococci
could provide a foundation for studying the pathogenesis of infection by this
opportunistic pathogen and to developing new therapeutic approaches to combat
enterococcal infection.