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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Nat+Genet 2015 ; 47 (9): 1085-90 Nephropedia Template TP
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Widespread non-additive and interaction effects within HLA loci modulate the risk of autoimmune diseases #MMPMID26258845
Lenz TL; Deutsch AJ; Han B; Hu X; Okada Y; Eyre S; Knapp M; Zhernakova A; Huizinga TW; Abecasis G; Becker J; Boeckxstaens GE; Chen WM; Franke A; Gladman DD; Gockel I; Gutierrez-Achury J; Martin J; Nair RP; Nöthen MM; Onengut-Gumuscu S; Rahman P; Rantapää-Dahlqvist S; Stuart PE; Tsoi LC; Van Heel DA; Worthington J; Wouters MM; Klareskog L; Elder JT; Gregersen PK; Schumacher J; Rich SS; Wijmenga C; Sunyaev SR; de Bakker PI; Raychaudhuri S
Nat Genet 2015[Sep]; 47 (9): 1085-90 PMID26258845show ga
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes confer strong risk for autoimmune diseases on a log-additive scale. Here we speculated that differences in autoantigen binding repertoires between a heterozygote?s two expressed HLA variants may result in additional non-additive risk effects. We tested non-additive disease contributions of classical HLA alleles in patients and matched controls for five common autoimmune diseases: rheumatoid arthritis (RA, Ncases=5,337), type 1 diabetes (T1D, Ncases=5,567), psoriasis vulgaris (Ncases=3,089), idiopathic achalasia (Ncases=727), and celiac disease (Ncases=11,115). In four out of five diseases, we observed highly significant non-additive dominance effects (RA: P=2.5×1012; T1D: P=2.4×10?10; psoriasis: P=5.9×10?6; celiac disease: P=1.2×10?87). In three of these diseases, the dominance effects were explained by interactions between specific classical HLA alleles (RA: P=1.8×10?3; T1D: P=8.6×1027; celiac disease: P=6.0×10?100). These interactions generally increased disease risk and explained moderate but significant fractions of phenotypic variance (RA: 1.4%, T1D: 4.0%, and celiac disease: 4.1%, beyond a simple additive model).