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10.1177/1759091415592126 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1177/1759091415592126 C4552224!4552224!26148848     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 300.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       ASN+Neuro 2015 ; 7 (4): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26148848|t=2015. Epigenetic Modulation of Microglial Inflammatory Gene Loci in Helminth-Induced Immune Suppression: Implications for Immune Regulation in Neurocysticercosis |pdf=|usr=}}{{26148848}} gab.com Text Epigenetic Modulation of Microglial Inflammatory Gene Loci in Helminth-Induced Immune Suppression: Implications for Immune Regulation in Neurocysticercosis JO: ASN Neuro http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26148848 #FOAvip In neurocysticercosis, parasite-induced immune suppressive effects are thought to play an important role in enabling site-specific inhibition of inflammatory responses to infections. It is axiomatic that microglia-mediated (M1 proinflammatory) response causes central nervous system inflammation; however, the mechanisms by which helminth parasites modulate microglia activation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that microglia display a diminished expression of M1-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) in murine neurocysticercosis. Microglia also exhibited a lack of myeloid cell maturation marker major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II in these parasite-infected brains. Treatment of microglia with helminth soluble/secreted factors (HSFs) in vitro did not induce expression of M1-inflammatory signature molecule NOS2 as well as MHC-II in primary microglia. However, HSF treatment completely inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in expression of MHC-II, NOS2 and nitric oxide production in these cells. As epigenetic modulation of chromatin states that regulates recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol-II) is a key regulatory step in determining gene expression and functional outcome, we next evaluated whether HSF induced modulation of these phenomenon in microglia in vitro. Indeed, HSF downregulated Pol-II recruitment to the promoter region of TNF-?, IL-6, NOS2, MHC-II, and transcription factor CIITA (a regulator of MHC-II expression), by itself. Moreover, HSF suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in Pol-II recruitment as well. In addition, HSF exposure reduced the positive histone marks H3K4Me3 and H3K9/14Ac at the promoter of TNF-?, IL-6, NOS2, MHC-II, and CIITA. These studies provide a novel mechanistic insight into helminth-mediated immune suppression in microglia via modulation of epigenetic processes. Twit Text FOAVip Epigenetic Modulation of Microglial Inflammatory Gene Loci in Helminth-Induced Immune Suppression: Implications for Immune Regulation in Neurocysticercosis ????ASN Neuro http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26148848 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26148848 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26148848}}</ref> Epigenetic Modulation of Microglial Inflammatory Gene Loci in Helminth-Induced Immune Suppression: Implications for Immune Regulation in Neurocysticercosis #MMPMID26148848 Chauhan A; Quenum FZ; Abbas A; Bradley DS; Nechaev S; Singh BB; Sharma J; Mishra BB ASN Neuro 2015[Jul]; 7 (4): ä PMID26148848show ga In neurocysticercosis, parasite-induced immune suppressive effects are thought to play an important role in enabling site-specific inhibition of inflammatory responses to infections. It is axiomatic that microglia-mediated (M1 proinflammatory) response causes central nervous system inflammation; however, the mechanisms by which helminth parasites modulate microglia activation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that microglia display a diminished expression of M1-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) in murine neurocysticercosis. Microglia also exhibited a lack of myeloid cell maturation marker major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II in these parasite-infected brains. Treatment of microglia with helminth soluble/secreted factors (HSFs) in vitro did not induce expression of M1-inflammatory signature molecule NOS2 as well as MHC-II in primary microglia. However, HSF treatment completely inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in expression of MHC-II, NOS2 and nitric oxide production in these cells. As epigenetic modulation of chromatin states that regulates recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol-II) is a key regulatory step in determining gene expression and functional outcome, we next evaluated whether HSF induced modulation of these phenomenon in microglia in vitro. Indeed, HSF downregulated Pol-II recruitment to the promoter region of TNF-?, IL-6, NOS2, MHC-II, and transcription factor CIITA (a regulator of MHC-II expression), by itself. Moreover, HSF suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in Pol-II recruitment as well. In addition, HSF exposure reduced the positive histone marks H3K4Me3 and H3K9/14Ac at the promoter of TNF-?, IL-6, NOS2, MHC-II, and CIITA. These studies provide a novel mechanistic insight into helminth-mediated immune suppression in microglia via modulation of epigenetic processes. äEpigenetic Modulation of Microglial Inflammatory Gene Loci in Helminth(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing