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10.1016/j.abb.2015.04.011 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.abb.2015.04.011 C4543556!4543556!25958107     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Arch+Biochem+Biophys 2015 ; 581 (ä): 86-97 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25958107|t=2015. Influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: structural insights from electron microscopy |pdf=|usr=}}{{25958107}} gab.com Text Influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: structural insights from electron microscopy JO: Arch Biochem Biophys http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25958107 #FOAvip Influenza virus, the causative agent of flu, enters the host cell by endocytosis. The low pH encountered inside endosomes triggers conformational changes in the viral glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA), that mediate fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. This releases the viral genome into the cytoplasm of the infected cell, establishing the onset of the replication cycle. To investigate the structural basis of HA-mediated membrane fusion, a number of techniques have been employed. These include X-ray crystallography, which has provided atomic models of the HA ectodomain in its initial (pre-fusion) state and of part of HA in its final (post-fusion) state. However, this left an information deficit concerning many other aspects of the fusion process. Electron microscopy (EM) approaches are helping to fill this void. For example, influenza virions at neutral pH have been imaged by cryo-EM and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET); thin section EM has shown that influenza viruses enter the cell by endocytosis; the large-scale structural changes in HA when virions are exposed to low pH (pre-fusion to post-fusion states) have been visualized by negative staining and cryo-EM; acidification also induces structural changes in the M1 matrix layer and its separation from the viral envelope; intermediate HA conformations between its pre- and post-fusion states have been detected by cryo-ET supplemented with subtomogram averaging; and fusion of influenza virions with liposomes has been visualized by cryo-ET. In this review, we survey EM-based contributions towards the characterization of influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion and anticipate the potential for future developments. Twit Text FOAVip Influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: structural insights from electron microscopy ????Arch Biochem Biophys http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25958107 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25958107 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25958107}}</ref> Influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: structural insights from electron microscopy #MMPMID25958107 Fontana J; Steven AC Arch Biochem Biophys 2015[Sep]; 581 (ä): 86-97 PMID25958107show ga Influenza virus, the causative agent of flu, enters the host cell by endocytosis. The low pH encountered inside endosomes triggers conformational changes in the viral glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA), that mediate fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. This releases the viral genome into the cytoplasm of the infected cell, establishing the onset of the replication cycle. To investigate the structural basis of HA-mediated membrane fusion, a number of techniques have been employed. These include X-ray crystallography, which has provided atomic models of the HA ectodomain in its initial (pre-fusion) state and of part of HA in its final (post-fusion) state. However, this left an information deficit concerning many other aspects of the fusion process. Electron microscopy (EM) approaches are helping to fill this void. For example, influenza virions at neutral pH have been imaged by cryo-EM and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET); thin section EM has shown that influenza viruses enter the cell by endocytosis; the large-scale structural changes in HA when virions are exposed to low pH (pre-fusion to post-fusion states) have been visualized by negative staining and cryo-EM; acidification also induces structural changes in the M1 matrix layer and its separation from the viral envelope; intermediate HA conformations between its pre- and post-fusion states have been detected by cryo-ET supplemented with subtomogram averaging; and fusion of influenza virions with liposomes has been visualized by cryo-ET. In this review, we survey EM-based contributions towards the characterization of influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion and anticipate the potential for future developments. äInfluenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: structural insights from ele(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing