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2015 ; 4
(9
): 1033-43
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Concise Review: Emerging Role of CD44 in Cancer Stem Cells: A Promising Biomarker
and Therapeutic Target
#MMPMID26136504
Yan Y
; Zuo X
; Wei D
Stem Cells Transl Med
2015[Sep]; 4
(9
): 1033-43
PMID26136504
show ga
The reception and integration of the plethora of signals a cell receives from its
microenvironment determines the cell's fate. CD44 functions as a receptor for
hyaluronan and many other extracellular matrix components, as well as a cofactor
for growth factors and cytokines, and thus, CD44 is a signaling platform that
integrates cellular microenvironmental cues with growth factor and cytokine
signals and transduces signals to membrane-associated cytoskeletal proteins or to
the nucleus to regulate a variety of gene expression levels related to
cell-matrix adhesion, cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and
survival. Accumulating evidence indicates that CD44, especially CD44v isoforms,
are cancer stem cell (CSC) markers and critical players in regulating the
properties of CSCs, including self-renewal, tumor initiation, metastasis, and
chemoradioresistance. Furthermore, there is ample evidence that CD44, especially
CD44v isoforms, are valuable prognostic markers in various types of tumors.
Therefore, therapies that target CD44 may destroy the CSC population, and this
holds great promise for the cure of life-threatening cancers. However, many
challenges remain to determining how best to use CD44 as a biomarker and
therapeutic target. Here we summarize the current findings concerning the
critical role of CD44/CD44v in the regulation of cancer stemness and the research
status of CD44/CD44v as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. We also
discuss the current challenges and future directions that may lead to the best
use of CD44/CD44v for clinical applications. SIGNIFICANCE: Mounting evidence
indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are mainly responsible for cancer
aggressiveness, drug resistance, and tumor relapse. CD44, especially CD44v
isoforms, have been identified as CSC surface markers for isolating and enriching
CSCs in different types of cancers. The current findings concerning the critical
role of CD44/CD44v in regulation of cancer stemness and the research status of
CD44/CD44v as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer are summarized. The
current challenges and future directions that may lead to best use of CD44/CD44v
for clinical applications are also discussed.
|*Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
[MESH]
|Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics/metabolism
[MESH]
|Cytokines/genetics/metabolism
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Hyaluronan Receptors/*genetics/metabolism
[MESH]
|Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/metabolism
[MESH]