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2015 ; 66
(3
): 509-16
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Endotoxin and ?-1,3-d-Glucan in Concentrated Ambient Particles Induce Rapid
Increase in Blood Pressure in Controlled Human Exposures
#MMPMID26123683
Zhong J
; Urch B
; Speck M
; Coull BA
; Koutrakis P
; Thorne PS
; Scott J
; Liu L
; Brook RD
; Behbod B
; Gibson H
; Silverman F
; Mittleman MA
; Baccarelli AA
; Gold DR
Hypertension
2015[Sep]; 66
(3
): 509-16
PMID26123683
show ga
Short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased blood
pressure (BP) in epidemiological studies. Understanding the impact of specific PM
components on BP is essential in developing effective risk-reduction strategies.
We investigated the association between endotoxin and ?-1,3-d-Glucan-two major
biological PM components-and BP. We also examined whether vascular endothelial
growth factor, a vasodilatory inflammatory marker, modified these associations.
We conducted a single-blind, randomized, crossover trial of controlled human
exposure to concentrated ambient particles with 50 healthy adults.
Particle-associated-endotoxin and ?-1,3-d-Glucan were sampled using
polycarbonate-membrane-filters. Supine resting systolic BP and diastolic BP were
measured pre-, 0.5-hour post-, and 20-hour postexposure. Urine vascular
endothelial growth factor concentration was determined using enzyme-linked
immunosorbant assay and creatinine-corrected. Exposures to endotoxin and
?-1,3-d-Glucan for 130 minutes were associated with increases in BPs: at 0.5-hour
postexposure, every doubling in endotoxin concentration was associated with 1.73
mm Hg higher systolic BP (95% confidence interval, 0.28, 3.18; P=0.02) and 2.07
mm Hg higher diastolic BP (95% confidence interval, 0.74, 3.39; P=0.003); every
doubling in ?-1,3-d-Glucan concentration was associated with 0.80 mm Hg higher
systolic BP (95% confidence interval, -0.07, 1.67; P=0.07) and 0.88 mm Hg higher
diastolic BP (95% confidence interval, 0.09, 1.66; P=0.03). Vascular endothelial
growth factor rose after concentrated ambient particle endotoxin exposure and
attenuated the association between endotoxin and 0.5-hour postexposure diastolic
BP (Pinteraction=0.02). In healthy adults, short-term endotoxin and
?-1,3-d-Glucan exposures were associated with increased BP. Our findings suggest
that the biological PM components contribute to PM-related cardiovascular
outcomes, and postexposure vascular endothelial growth factor elevation might be
an adaptive response that attenuates these effects.