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2015 ; 5
(ä): 13081
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Artificial biofilms establish the role of matrix interactions in staphylococcal
biofilm assembly and disassembly
#MMPMID26272750
Stewart EJ
; Ganesan M
; Younger JG
; Solomon MJ
Sci Rep
2015[Aug]; 5
(ä): 13081
PMID26272750
show ga
We demonstrate that the microstructural and mechanical properties of bacterial
biofilms can be created through colloidal self-assembly of cells and polymers,
and thereby link the complex material properties of biofilms to well understood
colloidal and polymeric behaviors. This finding is applied to soften and
disassemble staphylococcal biofilms through pH changes. Bacterial biofilms are
viscoelastic, structured communities of cells encapsulated in an extracellular
polymeric substance (EPS) comprised of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA.
Although the identity and abundance of EPS macromolecules are known, how these
matrix materials interact with themselves and bacterial cells to generate biofilm
morphology and mechanics is not understood. Here, we find that the colloidal
self-assembly of Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A cells and polysaccharides into
viscoelastic biofilms is driven by thermodynamic phase instability of EPS. pH
conditions that induce phase instability of chitosan produce artificial S.
epidermidis biofilms whose mechanics match natural S. epidermidis biofilms.
Furthermore, pH-induced solubilization of the matrix triggers disassembly in both
artificial and natural S. epidermidis biofilms. This pH-induced disassembly
occurs in biofilms formed by five additional staphylococcal strains, including
three clinical isolates. Our findings suggest that colloidal self-assembly of
cells and matrix polymers produces biofilm viscoelasticity and that biofilm
control strategies can exploit this mechanism.