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2015 ; 83
(9
): 3568-77
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In Vivo and Ex Vivo Imaging Reveals a Long-Lasting Chlamydial Infection in the
Mouse Gastrointestinal Tract following Genital Tract Inoculation
#MMPMID26099591
Zhang Q
; Huang Y
; Gong S
; Yang Z
; Sun X
; Schenken R
; Zhong G
Infect Immun
2015[Sep]; 83
(9
): 3568-77
PMID26099591
show ga
Intravaginal infection with Chlamydia muridarum in mice can ascend to the upper
genital tract, resulting in hydrosalpinx, a pathological hallmark for tubal
infertility in women infected with C. trachomatis. Here, we utilized in vivo
imaging of C. muridarum infection in mice following an intravaginal inoculation
and confirmed the rapid ascent of the chlamydial organisms from the lower to
upper genital tracts. Unexpectedly, the C. muridarum-derived signal was still
detectable in the abdominal area 100 days after inoculation. Ex vivo imaging of
the mouse organs revealed that the long-lasting presence of the chlamydial signal
was restricted to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which was validated by
directly measuring the chlamydial live organisms and genomes in the same organs.
The C. muridarum organisms spreading from the genital to the GI tracts were
detected in different mouse strains and appeared to be independent of oral or
rectal routes. Mice prevented from orally taking up excretions also developed the
long-lasting GI tract infection. Inoculation of C. muridarum directly into the
upper genital tract, which resulted in a delayed vaginal shedding of live
organisms, accelerated the chlamydial spreading to the GI tract. Thus, we have
demonstrated that the genital tract chlamydial organisms may use a systemic route
to spread to and establish a long-lasting infection in the GI tract. The
significance of the chlamydial spreading from the genital to GI tracts is
discussed.