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2014 ; 7
(6
): 821-8
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Access site complications after peripheral vascular interventions: incidence,
predictors, and outcomes
#MMPMID25389345
Ortiz D
; Jahangir A
; Singh M
; Allaqaband S
; Bajwa TK
; Mewissen MW
Circ Cardiovasc Interv
2014[Dec]; 7
(6
): 821-8
PMID25389345
show ga
BACKGROUND: Access site hematomas and pseudoaneurysms are the most frequent
complications of peripheral vascular intervention (PVI); however, their incidence
and risk factors remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively analyzed
data from the multicenter Vascular Quality Initiative on 22 226 patients who
underwent 27 048 PVI from August 2007 to May 2013. Primary end points included
incidence and predictors of access site complications (ASCs), length of
postprocedural hospitalization, discharge status, and 30-day and 1-year
mortality. ASC complicated 936 procedures (3.5%). Of these, 74.4% were minor
complications, 9.7% were moderate requiring transfusion, 5.4% were moderate
requiring thrombin injection, and 10.5% were severe requiring surgery. Predictors
of ASC were age >75 years, female sex, white race, no prior PVI, nonfemoral
arterial access site, >6-Fr sheath size, thrombolytics, arterial dissection,
fluoroscopy time >30 minutes, nonuse of vascular closure device, bedridden
preoperative ambulatory status, and urgent indication. Mean hospitalization was
longer after procedures complicated by ASC (1.2±1.6 versus 1.9±1.9 days; range,
0-7 days; P=0.002). Severity of ASC correlated with higher rates of discharge to
rehabilitation/nursing facilities compared with home discharge. Patients with
severe ASC had higher 30-day mortality (6.1% versus 1.4%; P<0.001), and those
with moderate ASC requiring transfusion had elevated 1-year mortality (12.1%
versus 5.7%; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Several factors independently predict ASC
after PVI. Appropriate use of antithrombotic therapies and vascular closure
device in patients at increased risk of ASC may improve post-PVI outcomes.