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2015 ; 7
(7
): 2639-58
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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Cabinet of Curiosities: Venom Systems and Their Ecological Function in Mammals,
with a Focus on Primates
#MMPMID26193318
Rode-Margono JE
; Nekaris KA
Toxins (Basel)
2015[Jul]; 7
(7
): 2639-58
PMID26193318
show ga
Venom delivery systems (VDS) are common in the animal kingdom, but rare amongst
mammals. New definitions of venom allow us to reconsider its diversity amongst
mammals by reviewing the VDS of Chiroptera, Eulipotyphla, Monotremata, and
Primates. All orders use modified anterior dentition as the venom delivery
apparatus, except Monotremata, which possesses a crural system. The venom gland
in most taxa is a modified submaxillary salivary gland. In Primates, the saliva
is activated when combined with brachial gland exudate. In Monotremata, the
crural spur contains the venom duct. Venom functions include feeding,
intraspecific competition, anti-predator defense and parasite defense. Including
mammals in discussion of venom evolution could prove vital in our understanding
protein functioning in mammals and provide a new avenue for biomedical and
therapeutic applications and drug discovery.