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10.3390/toxins7072435 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/toxins7072435 C4516922!4516922!26134255     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 219.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Toxins+(Basel) 2015 ; 7 (7): 2435-53 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26134255|t=2015. Botulinum Toxin as a Pain Killer: Players and Actions in Antinociception |pdf=|usr=}}{{26134255}} gab.com Text Botulinum Toxin as a Pain Killer: Players and Actions in Antinociception JO: Toxins (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26134255 #FOAvip Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been widely used to treat a variety of clinical ailments associated with pain. The inhibitory action of BoNTs on synaptic vesicle fusion blocks the releases of various pain-modulating neurotransmitters, including glutamate, substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), as well as the addition of pain-sensing transmembrane receptors such as transient receptor potential (TRP) to neuronal plasma membrane. In addition, growing evidence suggests that the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of BoNTs are mediated through various molecular pathways. Recent studies have revealed that the detailed structural bases of BoNTs interact with their cellular receptors and SNAREs. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms related to the efficacy of BoNTs in alleviating human pain and insights on engineering the toxins to extend therapeutic interventions related to nociception. Twit Text FOAVip Botulinum Toxin as a Pain Killer: Players and Actions in Antinociception ????Toxins (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26134255 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26134255 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26134255}}</ref> Botulinum Toxin as a Pain Killer: Players and Actions in Antinociception #MMPMID26134255 Kim DW; Lee SK; Ahnn J Toxins (Basel) 2015[Jul]; 7 (7): 2435-53 PMID26134255show ga Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been widely used to treat a variety of clinical ailments associated with pain. The inhibitory action of BoNTs on synaptic vesicle fusion blocks the releases of various pain-modulating neurotransmitters, including glutamate, substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), as well as the addition of pain-sensing transmembrane receptors such as transient receptor potential (TRP) to neuronal plasma membrane. In addition, growing evidence suggests that the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of BoNTs are mediated through various molecular pathways. Recent studies have revealed that the detailed structural bases of BoNTs interact with their cellular receptors and SNAREs. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms related to the efficacy of BoNTs in alleviating human pain and insights on engineering the toxins to extend therapeutic interventions related to nociception. äBotulinum Toxin as a Pain Killer: Players and Actions in Antinocicepti(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing