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10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095946

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095946
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C4516760!4516760!23330955
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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid23330955      Annu+Rev+Immunol 2013 ; 31 (ä): 675-704
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  • Signalling by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase family in immune cells #MMPMID23330955
  • Okkenhaug K
  • Annu Rev Immunol 2013[]; 31 (ä): 675-704 PMID23330955show ga
  • Phosphoinositide 3-kinases control many important aspects of immune cell development, differentiation and function. Mammals have eight PI3K catalytic subunits which are divided into 3 classes based on similarities in structure and function. Specific roles for the class I PI3Ks have been broadly investigated and are relatively well understood as is the function of their corresponding phosphatases. More recently, specific roles for the class II and class III PI3Ks have emerged. Through vertebrate evolution and in parallel with the evolution of adaptive immunity, there has been a dramatic increase not only in the genes for PI3K subunits but also in genes for phosphatases that act on 3-phopshoinositides and on 3-phosphoinositide binding proteins. Our understanding of the PI3Ks in immunity is guided by fundamental discoveries made in simpler model organisms as well as by appreciating new adaptions of this signalling module in mammals in general and immune cells in particular.
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