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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Int+J+Womens+Health 2015 ; 7 (ä): 735-44 Nephropedia Template TP
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From bladder to systemic syndrome: concept and treatment evolution of interstitial cystitis #MMPMID26229509
Dinis S; de Oliveira JT; Pinto R; Cruz F; Buffington CT; Dinis P
Int J Womens Health 2015[]; 7 (ä): 735-44 PMID26229509show ga
Interstitial cystitis, presently known as bladder pain syndrome, has been recognized for over a century but is still far from being understood. Its etiology is unknown and the syndrome probably harbors different diseases. Autoimmune dysfunction, urothelial leakage, infection, central and peripheral nervous system dysfunction, genetic disease, childhood trauma/abuse, and subsequent stress response system dysregulation might be implicated. Management is slowly evolving from a solo act by the end-organ specialist to a team approach based on new typing and phenotyping of the disease. However, oral and invasive treatments are still largely aimed at the bladder and are based on currently proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms. Future research will better define the disease, permitting individualization of treatment.